Hadoop 系列(三)Java API
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
一、HDFS 操作
@Test
public void upload() throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration(); // (1)
//conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://master:9000/");
Path dst = new Path("hdfs://master:9000/upload/MPSetup4.log");
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://master:9000/"), conf, "hadoop"); // (2)
FSDataOutputStream os = fs.create(dst);
FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream("c:/MPSetup.log");
IOUtils.copy(is, os);
}
Configuration 配置文件默认读取 resources 目录下的 core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、mapred-site.xml、yarn-site.xml 文件。可以将 Hadoop 安装目录下的这些配制文件直接拷贝过来,也可以直接 conf.set() 设置参数。
FileSystem.get() 必须要以 hadoop 的身份运行,否则会出现权限不足的问题。可以配置 -DHADOOP_USER_NAME=hadoop 参数。
下面提供一个 HdfsUtil 工具类:
public class HdfsUtil {
FileSystem fs = null;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception{
System.setProperty("hadoop.home.dir", "D:/Program_Files/apache/hadoop-common-bin/");
//1. 读取classpath下的xxx-site.xml 配置文件,并解析其内容,封装到conf对象中
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2. 也可以在代码中对conf中的配置信息进行手动设置,会覆盖掉配置文件中的读取的值
conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://master:9000/");
//3. 根据配置信息,去获取一个具体文件系统的客户端操作实例对象
fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://master:9000/"), conf, "hadoop");
}
/** 上传文件,封装好的写法 */
@Test
public void upload2() throws Exception, IOException{
fs.copyFromLocalFile(new Path("c:/MPSetup.log"),
new Path("hdfs://master:9000/aaa/bbb/ccc/MPSetup.log"));
}
/** 下载文件 */
@Test
public void download() throws Exception {
fs.copyToLocalFile(new Path("hdfs://master:9000/aaa/bbb/ccc/MPSetup.log"),
new Path("d:/MPSetup2.txt"));
}
/** 查看文件信息 */
@Test
public void listFiles() throws FileNotFoundException, IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
// listFiles列出的是文件信息,而且提供递归遍历
RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> files = fs.listFiles(new Path("/"), true);
while(files.hasNext()) {
LocatedFileStatus file = files.next();
Path filePath = file.getPath();
String fileName = filePath.getName();
System.out.println(fileName);
}
System.out.println("---------------------------------");
//listStatus 可以列出文件和文件夹的信息,但是不提供自带的递归遍历
FileStatus[] listStatus = fs.listStatus(new Path("/"));
for(FileStatus status: listStatus){
String name = status.getPath().getName();
System.out.println(name + (status.isDirectory()?" is dir":" is file"));
}
}
/** 创建文件夹 */
@Test
public void mkdir() throws IllegalArgumentException, Exception {
fs.mkdirs(new Path("/aaa/bbb/ccc"));
}
/** 删除文件或文件夹 */
@Test
public void rm() throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
fs.delete(new Path("/aa"), true);
}
}
二、RPC 调用
(1) LoginServiceInterface 接口
package com.github.binarylei.hadoop.rpc;
public interface LoginServiceInterface {
public static final long versionID = 1L;
public String login(String username, String password);
}
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginServiceInterface {
@Override
public String login(String username, String password) {
return username + " login in successfully!";
}
}
(2) RPCServer
// 目前只能上传到 Linux 上运行 ??????
public class RPCServer {
private static String host = "master";
private static int port = 10001;
public static void main(String[] args) throws HadoopIllegalArgumentException, IOException {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://master:9000/");
Builder builder = new Builder(conf);
builder.setBindAddress("master")
.setPort(port)
.setProtocol(LoginServiceInterface.class)
.setInstance(new LoginServiceImpl());
Server server = builder.build();
server.start();
}
}
将打包后的 hadoop-api-1.0.0.jar 上传到 Linux,启动 RPC 服务,执行
hadoop jar hadoop-api-1.0.0.jar com.github.binarylei.hadoop.rpc.RPCServer
2018-05-13 18:20:16,606 INFO ipc.CallQueueManager: Using callQueue: class java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue queueCapacity: 100 scheduler: class org.apache.hadoop.ipc.DefaultRpcScheduler
2018-05-13 18:20:17,631 INFO ipc.Server: Starting Socket Reader #1 for port 10001
2018-05-13 18:20:19,613 INFO ipc.Server: IPC Server Responder: starting
2018-05-13 18:20:19,618 INFO ipc.Server: IPC Server listener on 10001: starting
(3) RPCClient
public class RPCClient {
private static String host = "master";
private static int port = 10001;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.setProperty("hadoop.home.dir", "D:/Program_Files/apache/hadoop-common-bin/");
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://master:9000/");
LoginServiceInterface proxy = RPC.getProxy(
LoginServiceInterface.class,
1L,
new InetSocketAddress(host, port),
conf);
String result = proxy.login("hadoop-test", "test");
System.out.println(result);
}
}
直接在 Windows 上运行,结果如下:
hadoop-test login in successfully!
三、MapReduce
下面模仿 wordcount,写一个 MapReduce
(1) WCMapper
//4个泛型中,前两个是指定mapper输入数据的类型,KEYIN是输入的key的类型,VALUEIN是输入的value的类型
//map 和 reduce 的数据输入输出都是以 key-value对的形式封装的
//默认情况下,框架传递给我们的mapper的输入数据中,key是要处理的文本中一行的起始偏移量,这一行的内容作为value
public class WCMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, LongWritable>{
//mapreduce框架每读一行数据就调用一次该方法
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value,Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//具体业务逻辑就写在这个方法体中,而且我们业务要处理的数据已经被框架传递进来,在方法的参数中 key-value
//key 是这一行数据的起始偏移量 value 是这一行的文本内容
//将这一行的内容转换成string类型
String line = value.toString();
//对这一行的文本按特定分隔符切分
String[] words = StringUtils.split(line, " ");
//遍历这个单词数组输出为kv形式 k:单词 v : 1
for(String word : words){
context.write(new Text(word), new LongWritable(1));
}
}
}
(2) WCReducer
public class WCReducer extends Reducer<Text, LongWritable, Text, LongWritable>{
//框架在map处理完成之后,将所有kv对缓存起来,进行分组,然后传递一个组<key,valus{}>,调用一次reduce方法
//<hello,{1,1,1,1,1,1.....}>
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<LongWritable> values,Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
long count = 0;
//遍历value的list,进行累加求和
for(LongWritable value:values){
count += value.get();
}
//输出这一个单词的统计结果
context.write(key, new LongWritable(count));
}
}
(3) WCReducer
/**
* 用来描述一个特定的作业
* 比如,该作业使用哪个类作为逻辑处理中的map,哪个作为reduce
* 还可以指定该作业要处理的数据所在的路径
* 还可以指定改作业输出的结果放到哪个路径
* ....
* @author duanhaitao@itcast.cn
*/
public class WCRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//System.setProperty("hadoop.home.dir", "D:/Program_Files/apache/hadoop-common-bin/");
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job wcjob = Job.getInstance(conf);
//设置整个job所用的那些类在哪个jar包
wcjob.setJarByClass(WCRunner.class);
//本job使用的mapper和reducer的类
wcjob.setMapperClass(WCMapper.class);
wcjob.setReducerClass(WCReducer.class);
//指定reduce的输出数据kv类型
wcjob.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
wcjob.setOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
//指定mapper的输出数据kv类型
wcjob.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
wcjob.setMapOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
//指定要处理的输入数据存放路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(wcjob, new Path("hdfs://master:9000/wc/input/"));
//指定处理结果的输出数据存放路径
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(wcjob, new Path("hdfs://master:9000/wc/output5/"));
//将job提交给集群运行
wcjob.waitForCompletion(true);
}
}
四、Hadoop 运行(Windows)
问题 1:缺少 winutils.exe 和 hadoop.dll
# 缺少 winutils.exe
Could not locate executable null \bin\winutils.exe in the hadoop binaries
# 缺少 hadoop.dll
Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform… using builtin-Java classes where applicable
解决办法:
- 下载地址:https://github.com/srccodes/hadoop-common-2.2.0-bin
- 解压后将 hadoop-common-2.2.0-bin/bin 目录下的文件全部拷贝到 HADOOP_HOME/bin 目录下,并配置 HADOOP_HOME 环境变量。
- 将 hadoop-common-2.2.0-bin/bin/hadoop.dll 拷贝到 C:\Windows\System32 目录下。
问题 2:Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: org.apache.hadoop.io.nativeio.NativeIO$Windows.access0(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z
解决办法:
- 首先确保 C:\Windows\System32 目录下已经有 hadoop.dll 文件
在自己的工程中拷贝一份 org.apache.hadoop.io.nativeio.NativeIO 类,修改如下:
public static boolean access(String path, AccessRight desiredAccess) throws IOException { return true; //return access0(path, desiredAccess.accessRight()); }
参考:
- 《Hadoop 运行问题》:https://blog.csdn.net/congcong68/article/details/42043093
- 《winutils.exe 下载地址》:https://github.com/srccodes/hadoop-common-2.2.0-bin
每天用心记录一点点。内容也许不重要,但习惯很重要!