1.RabbitMQ简介

RabbitMQ是流行的开源消息队列系统，用erlang语言开发。RabbitMQ是AMQP（高级消息队列协议）的标准实现。  官网：IT虾米网

2.Spring集成RabbitMQ

2.1 maven配置

//pom.xml 
<dependency> 
      <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId> 
      <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId> 
      <version>3.5.1</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId> 
        <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 

2.2 rabbmitmq配置文件

//rabbitmq-config.properties 
mq.host=127.0.0.1 
mq.username=test 
mq.password=123456 
mq.port=5672 
mq.vhost=testmq 

2.3 Spring配置

//application-mq.xml 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd" > 
 
    <description>rabbitmq 连接服务配置</description> 
    <!-- 连接配置 --> 
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${mq.host}" username="${mq.username}" password="${mq.password}" port="${mq.port}"  virtual-host="${mq.vhost}"/> 
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/> 
 
    <!-- spring template声明--> 
    <rabbit:template exchange="amqpExchange" id="amqpTemplate"  connection-factory="connectionFactory"  message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" /> 
 
    <!-- 消息对象json转换类 --> 
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />   
</beans> 

3. 在Spring中使用RabbitMQ

3.1 申明一个消息队列Queue

//application-mq.xml 
<rabbit:queue id="test_queue_key" name="test_queue_key" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" /> 

说明：  durable:是否持久化 exclusive: 仅创建者可以使用的私有队列，断开后自动删除 auto_delete: 当所有消费客户端连接断开后，是否自动删除队列

3.2 交换机定义

//application-mq.xml 
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="test-mq-exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="test-mq-exchange"> 
    <rabbit:bindings> 
        <rabbit:binding queue="test_queue_key" key="test_queue_key"/> 
    </rabbit:bindings> 
</rabbit:direct-exchange> 

说明：  rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。  rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key

3.3 发送消息Producer

//MQProducer.java 
public interface MQProducer { 
    /** 
     * 发送消息到指定队列 
     * @param queueKey 
     * @param object 
     */ 
    public void sendDataToQueue(String queueKey, Object object); 
} 

@Service 
public class MQProducerImpl implements MQProducer { 
    @Autowired 
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; 
 
    private final static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(MQProducerImpl.class); 
    /* (non-Javadoc) 
     * @see com.stnts.tita.rm.api.mq.MQProducer#sendDataToQueue(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object) 
     */ 
    @Override 
    public void sendDataToQueue(String queueKey, Object object) { 
        try { 
            amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(queueKey, object); 
        } catch (Exception e) { 
            LOGGER.error(e); 
        } 
 
    } 
} 

说明：  convertAndSend：将Java对象转换为消息发送到匹配Key的交换机中Exchange，由于配置了JSON转换，这里是将Java对象转换成JSON字符串的形式。原文：Convert a Java object to an Amqp Message and send it to a default exchange with a specific routing key.

3.4 异步接收消息Consumer

定义监听器

//QueueListenter.java 
@Component 
public class QueueListenter implements MessageListener { 
 
    @Override 
    public void onMessage(Message msg) { 
        try{ 
            System.out.print(msg.toString()); 
        }catch(Exception e){ 
            e.printStackTrace(); 
        } 
    } 
 
} 

监听配置

//application-mq.xml 
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto"> 
    <rabbit:listener queues="test_queue" ref="queueListenter"/> 
</rabbit:listener-container> 

说明：  queues：监听的队列，多个的话用逗号（,）分隔  ref：监听器

3.5 JUnit测试

//TestQueue.java 
@RunWith(value = SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { 
    "classpath:/ApplicationContext/ApplicationContext-mq.xml"}) 
 
public class TestQueue{ 
    @Autowired 
    MQProducer mqProducer; 
 
    final String queue_key = "test_queue"; 
 
    @Test 
    public void send(){ 
        Map<String,Object> msg = new HashMap()<>; 
        msg.put("data","hello,rabbmitmq!"); 
        mqProducer.sendDataToQueue(query_key,msg); 
    } 
} 

运行测试程序，Run with JUnit，会发送一条消息到test_queue，监听器监听到消息后，打印出消息。

至此，已经完成了Spring和RabbmitMQ集成，配置，和使用。